alix

by sarbyn on DIY

DIY Home NAS: add MiniDLNA support

A little addendum about the Alix + Voyage linux guide. I forget to add a little service on my NAS, useful with my Samsung smart TV: a DLNA server.

Install MiniDLNA
# sudo apt-get install minidlna
# sudo apt-get clean
Configure MiniDLNA

Now we need to configure the MUSIC and FILM folders and let MiniDLNA scans and populates its database. Minidlna config file is /etc/minidlna.conf. Stop MiniDLNA with # service minidlna stop and edit the config file. Remember to change db_dir and log_dir options (because Voyage filesystem is in read-only mode, you need to put the MiniDLNA database on your external USB drive. For example

# Path to the directory that should hold the database and album art cache.
db_dir=/mnt/MUSIC/minidlna

# Path to the directory that should hold the log file.
log_dir=/mnt/MUSIC/minidlna/logs

You need also to define the video and audio folders, for example

media_dir=V,/mnt/MUSIC/SERIE_TV
media_dir=V,/mnt/MUSIC/FILM
media_dir=A,/mnt/MUSIC/mp3
Some others minor configurations

You can also change the friendly_name option and model_name if you want to rename your MiniDLNA server name.

Now you can remountro your filesystem and start MiniDLNA server. The server will scan all your media folder and will be ready for sharing your media files with any DLNA client.

 
by sarbyn on DIY

Alix.2D + Voyage Linux = a DIY home NAS

This is my 3th attempt to build a DIY home nas.
The first attempt with a Raspberry PI was a disaster: the well-known “USB POWER BUG” makes my NAS (with 2 USB DISK) pretty unstable.
The second attempt with an ALIX board + voyage linux crashes without any reason, but I admit that the initial setup was a mess…

The goal is:

  • An home NAS with 2 external USB: a little one EXT-4 for my mac TimeMachine (using Netatalk) and a bigger one NTFS as a generic storage (using Samba)
  • TrasmissionDaemon with WEB interface, as thin torrent client

Now is up and running. But if it will die again I think that I will buy a QNAP 🙂

Install VOYAGE LINUX

Read the Voyage Linux README

Install VIM
# apt-get install vim
Fix sudo
# chown -R root:root /usr/bin/sudo
# chmod u+s /usr/bin/sudo
# chown root:root /usr/lib/sudo/sudoers.so
# chown root:root /etc/sudoers
# chown root:root /etc/sudoers.d/
# chown root:root /etc/sudoers.d/README
# chown root:root /var/lib/sudo

visudo --- add user
Add new user
# useradd -m -s /bin/bash sarbyn
# passwd sarbyn
Install NTFS-3G
# apt-get install ntfs-3g
Fstab and volumes
# mkdir /mnt/TimeMachine
# mkdir /mnt/MUSIC
# chown sarbyn:sarbyn /mnt/MUSIC
# chown sarbyn:sarbyn /mnt/TimeMachine

UUID=206606FF6606D606 /mnt/MUSIC ntfs-3g   rw,defaults     0       0
UUID=03c90579-88f0-4478-ae8d-adc64972a07d /mnt/TimeMachine ext4 defaults 0 0
Enable swap file
# mkswap /mnt/MUSIC/swapfile
# swapon /mnt/MUSIC/swapfile
Samba
# apt-get install samba samba-common-bin
# service samba stop
# mv /var/lib/samba /var/tmp/samba
# ln -s /var/tmp/samba /var/lib/samba
# smbpasswd -a sarbyn

[mnt]
path = /mnt
read only = Yes
guest only = Yes
guest ok = Yes

[mnt_RW]
path = /mnt
read only = No
valid user = sarbyn
browseable = yes
writable = yes

Next add these directories to the file etc/default/voyage-util so it now contains the line:
VOYAGE_SYNC_DIRS=”/var/cache”

SSH
$ mkdir .ssh
$ chmod 0700 .ssh/
$ cd .ssh
$ ls
$ vim authorized_keys
$ chmod 600 authorized_keys

Disable root login and plaintext login in /etc/ssh/sshd_config file

Transmission
# apt-get install transmission-daemon
# service transmission-daemon stop
# cp settings.json /etc/transmission-daemon/
# service transmission-daemon start

Next add transmission directories to the file etc/default/voyage-util so it now contains the line:
VOYAGE_SYNC_DIRS=”/var/cache /var/lib/transmission-daemon”

FIX cracklib config
# apt-get install cracklib-runtime
# create-cracklib-dict /usr/share/dict/*

Before
root@voyage:/var/cache/cracklib# ls -la
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1024 Oct 4 13:28 cracklib_dict.hwm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16 Oct 4 13:28 cracklib_dict.pwd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16 Oct 4 13:28 cracklib_dict.pwi
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65 Oct 4 13:17 src-dicts

AFTER
root@voyage:/var/cache/cracklib# ls -la
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1024 Oct 7 22:46 cracklib_dict.hwm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 412696 Oct 7 22:46 cracklib_dict.pwd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22968 Oct 7 22:46 cracklib_dict.pwi
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65 Oct 4 13:17 src-dicts

# cd /usr/lib/
# root@voyage:/usr/lib# ln -s  /var/cache/cracklib/cracklib_dict.hwm
# root@voyage:/usr/lib# ln -s  /var/cache/cracklib/cracklib_dict.pwd
# root@voyage:/usr/lib# ln -s  /var/cache/cracklib/cracklib_dict.pwi
Netatalk

*DON’T USE NETATALK FROM DEBIAN REPOS*
The older version of netatalk are VERY…VERY unstable. Download the sources from Netatalk site and follow —> this tutorial <—

# apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev libgcrypt11-dev libkrb5-dev libpam0g-dev libwrap0-dev libdb-dev libmysqlclient-dev libavahi-client-dev libacl1-dev libldap2-dev libcrack2-dev systemtap-sdt-dev libdbus-1-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev libglib2.0-dev tracker libtracker-sparql-0.14-dev libtracker-miner-0.14-dev

Next add /usr/local/var/netatalk to the file etc/default/voyage-util so it now contains the line:
VOYAGE_SYNC_DIRS=”/var/cache /var/lib/transmission-daemon /usr/local/var/netatalk”

# apt-get install avahi-daemon

# insserv avahi-daemon
# insserv netatalk
# /etc/init.d/avahi-daemon start
# /etc/init.d/netatalk start

Edit “/usr/local/etc/afp.conf”.

[Global]
; Global server settings
uam list = uams_dhx.so,uams_dhx2.so
set password = yes

[MusicAFP]
    path = /mnt/MUSIC

[TimeMachineAFP]
    path = /mnt/TimeMachine
    time machine = yes

Add user to Netatalk (using the SHORT password)

# afppasswd -an sarbyn
FIX BOOT

The NTFS volume does not mount at boot, so add some lines on /etc/rc.local

# vim /etc/rc.local

service transmission-daemon stop
mount -a
swapon /mnt/MUSIC/swapfile
service transmission-daemon start

# chmod +x /etc/rc.local
Fix timezone
# ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Amsterdam /etc/localtime
NOIP client
# wget http://www.no-ip.com/client/linux/noip-duc-linux.tar.gz
# tar xzf noip-duc-linux.tar.gz
# cd no-ip-2.1.9
# make
# make install

Next add /usr/local/etc/ to the file etc/default/voyage-util so it now contains the line:
VOYAGE_SYNC_DIRS=”/var/cache /var/lib/transmission-daemon /usr/local/var/netatalk /usr/local/etc”

PUT APT cache on external disk
# remountrw
# cd /var/cache
# rm apt
# ln -s /mnt/MUSIC/APT_CACHE/ apt
# remountro
Clear APT cache
# apt-get clean
Final step – do a CompactFlash backup

Now is all setted up but it’s better to do a CompatFlash backup using dd

# dd if=DISK of=voyage-backup.img bs=1m
EXTRA – Mount image done with DD
# apt-get install kpartx
# kpartx -a MUSIC/backup_voyage_2014_10_09.iso
# mount /dev/mapper/loop0p1 /mnt/cf -o loop,ro